Japan has developed some of the world’s most scenic and well-organized cycling routes, from the iconic island-hopping Shimanami Kaido to the rural rice-paddy lanes of Kyushu and the coastal paths of Shikoku. Dedicated cycling infrastructure, spectacular scenery, regular rest stops, and the ability to carry bicycles on many trains make Japan increasingly popular for cycle tourism. No prior touring experience is necessary for most routes.
Shimanami Kaido: Japan’s Greatest Cycling Route
The Shimanami Kaido is a 70km cycling and pedestrian path that crosses six islands between Onomichi (Hiroshima Prefecture) and Imabari (Ehime, Shikoku) via a series of suspension bridges over the Seto Inland Sea. The route is consistently ranked among Asia’s top cycling experiences: islands are connected by dedicated cycling paths on the bridges’ lower decks, with blue lines painted along roads through each island to guide cyclists. Rental bikes are available at both endpoints and on each island; returning a bike at the opposite end from where you rented is standard. The full 70km can be ridden in one long day or pleasurably spread across two days with an overnight on Ōshima or Ikuchi-jima.
The Islands of Shimanami
Each island along the Kaido has its own character. Ōshima has an atmospheric ferry port and historic lighthouse. Hakata-jima is known for cycling and citrus orchards. Ōmishima is home to Oyamazumi Shrine, one of Japan’s oldest Shinto shrines and a repository of samurai armor. Ikuchi-jima has a temple complex (Kōsan-ji) built as a replica of Nikkō’s architecture and a gold-painted cloister. Innoshima is famous for hassel (hassaku citrus) and a castle atop a hill. Take detours off the blue line to find quiet fishing harbors, local food, and views the main route misses.
Kyushu Cycling Routes
Kyushu offers excellent long-distance cycling, particularly the Aso Kuju Cycling Road through the world’s largest volcanic caldera — 25km of rolling road through lunar volcanic landscape with Mount Aso smoking in the distance. The Amakusa Islands of Kumamoto Prefecture are connected by five bridges (the Amakusa Gokyō) similar in concept to Shimanami; quieter and less developed, they offer an authentic glimpse of traditional fishing communities. The Nagasaki Cycling Route through Shimabara Peninsula passes castles, hot spring towns, and dramatic coastal scenery.
Cycling in Tokyo
Tokyo has invested heavily in cycling infrastructure, and the city is increasingly navigable by bike. The Arakawa Cycling Road follows the Arakawa River for over 60km from central Tokyo to Chichibu, largely separated from traffic. The Tamagawa Cycling Road parallels the Tama River from Tokyo Bay to Okutama, equally long and scenic. Rental bicycles are widely available through dockless systems (Hello Cycling, Docomo Bike Share) accessible via smartphone apps.
Shikoku’s 88-Temple Pilgrimage by Bicycle
The traditional Shikoku 88-temple pilgrimage — normally completed on foot in 40–60 days — can be cycled in 10–15 days by fit cyclists. The 1,200km route circles the island, visiting 88 temples associated with the monk Kōbō Daishi. Cycling the pilgrimage is increasingly popular; rental touring bikes are available in Tokushima (the starting point, Temple 1). Henro pilgrims receive exceptional kindness (o-settai) from local residents along the route.
Practical Tips
- Shimanami Kaido rental: Giant bicycles (standard or electric) available from ¥1,100/day at Onomichi and Imabari
- Shimanami bridge toll: Cyclists pay a small toll (¥50–¥200) at each bridge; budget ¥500–¥1,000 for all six crossings
- Trains with bikes: Most JR local and limited express trains allow fully packed bicycles (rinko bukuro bags) in luggage areas
- Cycling apps: YAMAP (hiking/cycling), Google Maps cycling mode, and Komoot all work well in Japan
- Best season: Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–November) offer ideal temperatures; avoid mid-summer heat and humidity